The shortest path algorithm is a routing algorithm used in the network layer to find the shortest path between two nodes in a network. The algorithm is designed to minimize travel costs or distances from one node to another.
Several algorithms can be used to find the shortest path between two nodes, including Dijkstra’s, Bellman-Ford, and Floyd-Warshall algorithms.
Dijkstra’s algorithm is a popular shortest-path algorithm that assigns a tentative distance to every node in the network and selects the node with the smallest tentative distance as the next node to visit. The algorithm continues until the destination node is reached or all nodes have been visited.
Bellman-Ford algorithm is another popular shortest path algorithm that works by iteratively relaxing the edges in the network until the shortest path is found. The algorithm is capable of handling networks with negative edge weights.
Floyd-Warshall algorithm is a dynamic programming algorithm that works by computing the shortest path between all pairs of nodes in the network. The algorithm has a higher time complexity than other shortest-path algorithms but is useful for networks with dense connections.
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