The Network Layer is the third layer of the OSI (Open System Interconnection) reference model, which is responsible for the end-to-end delivery of packets across a network.
Some of the key duties of the Network Layer are as follows:
- Logical Addressing: The Network Layer assigns a unique logical address to each device on the network, which is used to identify the source and destination of the packets.
- Routing: The Network Layer is responsible for determining the best path for the packets to travel from the source to the destination through the network. It uses various routing algorithms and protocols for this purpose.
- Fragmentation and Reassembly: The Network Layer is responsible for breaking down the packets into smaller units called fragments, which can be transmitted over the network. It also reassembles the fragments at the destination to reconstruct the original packets.
- Congestion Control: The Network Layer monitors the traffic on the network and controls the flow of packets to avoid congestion and network overload.
- Quality of Service (QoS): The Network Layer provides QoS mechanisms to ensure that packets are delivered with the required level of priority, reliability, and performance.
Conclusion:
Overall, the Network Layer plays a critical role in ensuring the reliable and efficient transmission of packets across a network.